Sikkim’s Journey to Statehood: 50 Years of Integration and Autonomy
- vidyarthee2021
- May 18
- 2 min read
In 2025, Sikkim marked the 50th anniversary of its statehood — a significant milestone in the political and constitutional evolution of India’s northeastern frontier. From a Himalayan monarchy to a full-fledged Indian state, Sikkim’s journey offers rich insights into the functioning of Indian federalism, constitutional amendments, and special provisions for hill states.
How Sikkim Became a State
1974: The 35th Constitutional Amendment Act introduced Article 2A, making Sikkim an Associate State of the Indian Union. This was a unique status not conferred on any other region.
1975: Amid internal political movements and with the support of a popular referendum, the 36th Constitutional Amendment Act repealed Article 2A and made Sikkim the 22nd State of India.
With this, Sikkim fully merged into the Union and was granted representation in Parliament.
Special Constitutional Provisions for Sikkim
Article 371F was added through the 36th Amendment to safeguard the distinct identity, customary laws, and rights of Sikkimese citizens.
Key features include:
Protection of old laws in force in Sikkim before its inclusion in India.
Reservation of seats in the Legislative Assembly for people of Sikkimese origin.
Provisions to ensure non-interference in religious and social practices.
UPSC-Relevant Points
Constitutional Evolution: Sikkim is the only former princely state to have first become an associate and then a full-fledged state through separate constitutional amendments.
Unique Status: Article 2A was inserted exclusively for Sikkim and later repealed, making it a rare constitutional provision with a limited life.
Article 371 Series: Sikkim joins other northeastern states under Article 371(A) to (J) that grant special status for safeguarding socio-cultural and administrative autonomy.
UPSC Prelims Question
Consider the following statements regarding the constitutional integration of Sikkim into India:
Sikkim was the first and only Indian state to be given the status of an “Associate State” under Article 2A of the Constitution.
The Constitution (36th Amendment) Act, 1975 made Sikkim the 23rd state of India.
Article 371F grants special provisions to protect Sikkim’s laws and customs.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: Sikkim was granted associate state status through Article 2A (35th Amendment).
Statement 2 is incorrect: Sikkim became the 22nd state, not 23rd.
Statement 3 is correct: Article 371F provides special protections for Sikkim.
UPSC Mains Question
"Sikkim’s integration into the Indian Union showcases the flexibility of Indian federalism. Discuss the constitutional mechanisms used in this process and the significance of Article 371F in preserving the state's unique identity." (GS Paper II)
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